Analysis of the Oxygen Fraction’s Stability and Accuracy in the Design of the HFNC Tool

Abstract

In early 2020, the world was shocked by an outbreak of a new pneumonia that started in Wuhan, Hubei Province, which then spread rapidly to more than 190 countries and territories. This outbreak was named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The primary strategy for COVID-19 patients is supportive care, including oxygen therapy for hypoxemic patients, where high-flow nasal passages (HFNC) have been reported to be effective in improving oxygenation. The purpose of this study is to ensure that the readings of the HFNC device are accurate and stable so that it is safe and comfortable when used on patients. The development of the equipment that will be used by the author adds graphs to the TFTLCD to help monitor stable data in real time so that officers can monitor the flow and fraction of oxygen in the device to be stable. This study uses Arduino nano while the sensor used is the KE-25 sensor, then the results are displayed on the Nextion TFT LCD. While the comparison tool used is a gas flow analyzer (IMT Medical). In the testing phase, the setting value of the HFNC tool that appears on the TFT LCD is compared with a gas flow analyzer with a measurement range of 50% to 100% 5 times at each point. Based on measurements on the gas flow analyzer, the HFNC module has an average error (error (%)) of 2.31%. Average uncertainty (Ua) 0.07. The conclusion from these results is that the calibrator module has a relative error (error value) that is still within the allowable tolerance limit, which is ±10%, the tool is precise because of the small uncertainty and good stability of the stability test carried out within a certain time.